Custer Semen, South African Woman Runner

Enheduanna, born c. 2285 BCE, was the high priestess of the temple of the Moon God in the Sumerian city-state of Ur and possibly the first poet and first named author of either gender.
Tashlultum, fl. late 24th-early 23rd centuries BCE, Akkadian queen, wife of Sargon of Akkad, and mother of Enheduanna.
Peseshet, c. 2600 BCE, was a physician in ancient Egypt.
Merit-Ptah, c. 2700 BCE, also lived in Egypt and is the earliest known female physician and scientist.