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pelican swallows a pigeon
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Pelican Swallows A Pigeon

Pelicans are gregarious and nest colonially. The ground-nesting (white) species have a complex communal courtship involving a group males chasing a single female in the air, on land, or in the water while pointing, gaping, and thrusting their bills at each other. They can finish the process in a day. The tree-nesting species have a simpler process in which perched males advertise for females.
In all species copulation begins shortly after pairing and continues for 3 to 10 days before egg-laying. The male brings the nesting material, ground-nesters (which may not build a nest) sometimes in the pouch and tree-nesters crosswise in the bill. The female then heaps the material up to form a simple structure.
Both sexes incubate with the eggs on top or below the feet. They may display when changing shifts. All species lay at least two eggs, and hatching success for undisturbed pairs can be as high as 95 percent, but because competition between siblings or outright siblicide, usually all but one nestling dies within the first few weeks (or later in the Pink-backed and Spot-billed species). The young are fed copiously. Before or especially after being fed, they may seem to have a seizure that ends in falling unconscious; the reason is not clearly known.
Parents ground-nesting species have another strange behavior: they sometimes drag older young around roughly by the head before feeding them. The young these species gather in "pods" or "crèches" up to 100 birds in which parents recognize and feed only their own fspring. By 6 to 8 weeks they wander around, occasionally swimming, and may practice communal feeding.

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Date added:Oct 15, 2010
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